Clean production technology of Huili Zinc Mine Concentrator

I. Development of a new process for clean and high-efficiency lead-zinc sulfide ore beneficiation

According to the analysis of ore properties, the zinc ore is a low-lead and high-zinc complex leached zinc-lead ore. According to the general floatability of lead and zinc and the general principle of lead-zinc separation, the priority of zinc-suppressing and floating lead can be used. The selection process or the mixed flotation process of lead-zinc mixing and then lead-zinc separation or floatable processes such as lead and zinc. The specific measures are as follows:

(1) Fine grinding.

(2) Using lime to adjust the pH value of the slurry, and adjusting the pH value of the slurry to suppress lead and zinc in alkaline conditions.

(3) A combination of high-efficiency sphalerite inhibitors of (ZnSO4+YN).

(4) An effective conventional chemical sulfur-nitrogen collector or combination collector using galena.

(5) Properly adjust the dosage of collectors and increase the recovery rate of lead and zinc.

(6) Floating zinc under alkaline conditions.

2. Recovery of zinc oxide in tailings

According to the analysis of the properties of the Huiling zinc ore tailings, the zinc oxide minerals in the tailings are mainly zinc ore, followed by the zinc-zinc ore and heteropolar ore. Gangue minerals are dolomite, calcite, quartz, sericite, chlorite, serpentine like. The primary condition for recovering oxidized minerals from the tailings is to reduce the amount of harmful minerals that interfere with and affect the recovery of zinc oxide and increase the grade of zinc oxide. According to the overall thinking, the specific technical solutions of this study are as follows:

Mineral processing integration new process

(1) Focus on the following aspects in the re-election cycle:

1. Spiral chute-shaker test;

2. Determination of the economic yield of re-elected products.

(2) Focus on the following aspects in the flotation cycle:

1. Test of combination modifier;

2. Comparison test between new zinc oxide collector and conventional collector:

3. Flotation process condition test;

4. Closed circuit test of flotation process.

(3) Focusing on the following aspects in the development of new pharmaceuticals:

1. Screen raw materials, optimize processes, and synthesize new zinc oxide collectors;

2. Comparison test of high efficiency, low cost and low toxicity zinc oxide collector;

A total of 3,731.09 tons of zinc oxide concentrate with a zinc content of 34.22% and a corresponding zinc recovery rate of 85.27% was used for industrial application in the "re-selection + flotation integrated beneficiation process" for one year. The amount of zinc metal was calculated to be 1276.78. Tons, the economic benefits are significant.

It can be seen that after treating the zinc oxide in the tailings with the “reselection + flotation integrated beneficiation new process flow”, the technical and economic indicators of the mineral processing are stable, and good economic benefits and significant social benefits have been achieved. At the same time, the production is clean and meets the requirements of “clean production, environmental protection first” that Huili zinc mine has historically required.

Third, mineral processing wastewater recycling

Although the new process eliminates the influence of aniline black medicine in the beneficiation wastewater, the problem of excessive lead ion in the ore dressing wastewater still exists. In the production process of the concentrator, a large amount of water is needed to maintain production. According to the statistics of Huili zinc mine, the annual production of zinc ore is about 2 million tons. In the process of mineral processing, the content of suspended solids in the water discharged by sorting, concentration filtration, washing, etc. is high, and the perception of water is poor, especially containing heavy metal ions and beneficiation agents, such as xanthate and black, to varying degrees. Medicines, pine oils, sulfides, oxides, acids, alkalis, Cu2+, Pb2+, Zn2+ and other metal ions have some hidden dangers to the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to treat the ore dressing wastewater for recycling. The “Research on the Process of Wastewater Recycling in the Production of Huili Zinc Ore Dressing Plant” was carried out to solve the problem of reuse of wastewater from zinc ore beneficiation production.

For the Huizhi zinc mine, the mineral processing wastewater has been naturally degraded after being selected from the plant to the tailings pond, but it still contains a certain amount of xanthate, SN-9# and foaming agent components, and also contains Cu2+. Heavy metal ions such as Pb2+ and Zn2+, these components have different effects on the flotation process, especially in the preferred floating lead cycle, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the effects of xanthate and Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions remaining in the ore dressing water. It has a strong ability to capture zinc minerals from the zinc ore, while Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions can activate zinc minerals, such as beneficiation wastewater reuse, in which residual xanthate and Cu2+, Pb2+ ions will deteriorate lead and zinc minerals. Flotation separation is preferred, which has been confirmed in previous studies and in the exploratory tests of this study. Therefore, in consideration of the recycling of ore dressing wastewater, it is necessary to treat the residual xanthate and Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions in the wastewater.

According to the experimental research results, the wastewater from the beneficiation plant was treated by coagulation sedimentation-activated carbon adsorption treatment, and the purification treatment and wastewater reuse system of 10,000 tons of wastewater were designed. At the end of April 2007, the rotation and equipment installation were completed. On May 12, 2007, the on-site commissioning of the wastewater purification and reuse engineering system was started. The system has been in normal operation until now, and all the reuse of wastewater discharged from the plant has been realized. After the wastewater is reused, it has basically no influence on the production index, and at the same time, some of the medicament remains in the wastewater, so that the cost of the partial medicament can be saved after the wastewater is reused. Field practice shows that 100% reuse of wastewater can be achieved, and the reuse effect is good and basically stable, which not only saves wastewater treatment costs, but also protects the environment and improves the clean production level of the flotation process.

4. Recovery of copper metal in ore

As the depth of mining continues to deepen, the nature of the copper ore of Huili has undergone major changes, mainly due to the sharp rise in copper grade, forming copper, lead, zinc and polymetallic complex sulfide ore. In order to maintain and improve the existing lead and zinc beneficiation indicators, copper metal is recovered to form an independent copper concentrate product, and the high-efficiency development and utilization of mineral resources can be realized to improve the high copper and sulfur in the deep ore body of the Huizhi zinc mine. Experimental study on comprehensive beneficiation index of lead-zinc ore. To this end, the laboratory small-scale experiments mainly studied the copper-lead mixed-copper-lead separation-re-floating zinc scheme and the copper-lead-zinc sequential preferential flotation scheme.

V. Results

(1) The new process of clean and efficient beneficiation of complex refractory lead-zinc mines has shown that the new process is completely suitable for the ore properties of the zinc ore, effectively solving the poor quality of lead and zinc concentrates, lead and zinc concentrates. Lead and zinc contain serious problems.

(II) “Re-selection + flotation integration new process” Through small experiments and industrial tests, the new process is completely suitable for the ore properties of the zinc ore flotation tailings, and the zinc oxide in the tailings is effectively recovered. Further benefit and increase the utilization rate of mineral resources and improve the clean production level of enterprises.

(3) After the returning process of the ore dressing wastewater after coagulation sedimentation-activated carbon adsorption treatment, the lead in the original ore is 1.86% and the zinc content is 6.54%, and the lead content is 66.00% and the zinc content is 5.95%. The lead recovery rate is 69.56%, and a zinc concentrate containing 1.65% lead containing 56.80% zinc and corresponding zinc recovery rate of 84.04% can be obtained. The lead and zinc concentrate grades and recovery rates are essentially the same as before the wastewater is reused.

(4) Using LP-01 as the collector, the “copper-lead-zinc” preferential flotation process is adopted, and the copper metal in the ore is effectively recovered while ensuring the quality of the lead and zinc concentrate products.

Conclusion

The application of a series of clean production technologies in Huili zinc mine not only solves the actual problems of the enterprise, but also brings obvious economic and environmental benefits to the enterprise. The total benefit that can be obtained for the enterprise is 90,678,900 yuan per year. It eliminates the influence of toxic chemicals in the original process, realizes the recycling of wastewater, and has a good reference role in similar metal mines.

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