Discussion on the New Energy Technology of Automobiles in the Future

New energy power is a hot topic that will be mentioned in various fields in the recent period. In the automotive industry, the new energy power is already in a critical period. In the long run, oil is not a renewable resource, and It will soon be used up, and in the near term, the media breathe the contaminated air. It is not a good thing for human beings. Therefore, various countries and automobile manufacturers have invested considerable experience in new energy/power technology, although for various reasons. Most of the new energy-powered models are still in the experimental stage, but maybe 5-10 years later, we no longer need to worry about rising oil prices.

Overview of New Energy Power Overview As far as the automotive industry is concerned, the traditional energy we use is generally gasoline, diesel and other fuels derived from petroleum refining, while oil is a non-renewable resource, and the current petroleum resources on Earth are not many. It has been predicted that the original reserves of oil will reach a critical value. In order to avoid no fuel available for use, humans have begun to devote themselves to the development of other energy resources that can be recycled, and these energy are collectively referred to as new energy sources.

First, we sum up the types of power systems that we can see at present. We can roughly classify them into seven types of power systems:

1, gasoline power:

This is the most common power system around us. In order to be more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly, gasoline-powered cars have also begun to use less high-tech means to reduce energy consumption. More famous power systems such as Volkswagen's FSI and Ford's Ecoboost GTDi In-cylinder direct injection engines, etc., achieve better fuel combustion through more precise fuel control.

Representative Technology: Volkswagen TSI, DSG, Ford Ecoboost GTDi

Actually, the MAGOTAN car does not represent a direct injection engine or similar technology, but the VW's TSI and DSG systems are undoubtedly the most renowned power and transmission systems in the country. In-cylinder direct injection is the injection of gasoline directly. Within the cylinder of the engine, rather than the old-style injection in the intake port position, engines with direct injection technology will mostly use lean combustion technology, combined with multiple technologies such as electronic fuel injection, multi-valve, and post-discharge treatment, etc. It can increase fuel efficiency by 20%, and can increase the maximum output torque by about 10%, so as to achieve smaller fuel consumption and lower pollution emissions.

2, diesel power:

Compared to gasoline power, diesel power has better working efficiency, but its manufacturing cost is much higher than gasoline power, of which only the cost of the fuel supply system can even be higher than the total cost of a gasoline engine. .

Representative models: such as the Le Mans version of the R8. More representative is the R8 race car that has just won the Le Mans championship. The power system it will carry is a diesel engine. Because this kind of engine is very popular in China, it is only a brief introduction here. How the diesel engine works.

The diesel engine inhales pure air during the intake stroke. When the compression stroke is nearly over, the diesel fuel pump increases the oil pressure to more than 10 MPa through the injection pump and is injected into the cylinder through the injector. In a very short time, the compressed high-temperature air Mix to form a combustible mixture. Due to the high compression ratio of the diesel engine (generally 16-22), the air pressure in the cylinder at the end of compression can reach 3.5-4.5 MPa, and the temperature can reach 750-1000K, which greatly exceeds the auto-ignition temperature of diesel. Therefore, after the diesel fuel is injected into the cylinder, it burns itself immediately after being mixed with the air in a short time. The air pressure in the cylinder rose sharply to 6-9 MPa and the temperature rose to 2000-2500K. Under high pressure gas, the piston moves downwards and drives the crankshaft to work.

3, biofuel power:

Fuels made from plants as raw materials, this fuel can effectively reduce carbon dioxide emissions, but their cost is very high, and although its carbon emissions in the combustion is equal to zero, but its remanufacturing process is not better than traditional The fuel is low.

On behalf of models: This is still considered, as if there is no purely dependent on bio-fuel power models 4, hydrogen fuel cell power:

Compared to oil, hydrogen is very rich in resources. If it can be successfully transformed into sustainable production, then this will be another kind of clean energy. It is more common to use hydrogen fuel cells to convert electricity into electricity to power cars. However, the cost of hydrogen storage equipment is too high, and the bigger question is whether electric power or hydrogen fuel power should be developed. And first selling cars or build hydrogen refueling stations first, or who will save money to build hydrogen refueling stations?

On behalf of models: At present, this kind of power is mostly used on large passenger cars, but currently Honda has a concept car named FCX which is a hydrogen fuel cell powered model.

5, electric power:

Electric power is currently recognized as the most likely alternative to petroleum fuels. Unlike traditional power, electric vehicles can provide maximum torque output from the start of engine operation, and it has no obvious pollution, and it is relatively It is easy to produce renewable resources, but the disadvantages are also very large, such as short battery life, low energy density, due to energy density problems resulting in a large and heavy battery, charging time is too long and can be a short journey, etc. These are also the technical bottlenecks of electric power at this stage.

Representative models: MINI E Nissan Leaf and other pure electric vehicles are currently sold in the market very few, as mentioned above, constrained by many technical bottlenecks, so the pure electric car has a limited amount of ownership, and even if purchased In this case, it can only be used as a short-distance transportation tool in the city. For example, MINI E can only travel 209km at full charge (the actual driving time will be around 160km), and we will not talk about the charging time, but only charging equipment. It will cause most people in the world to scratch their heads. Because of the high cost and the small amount of ownership, no government has begun to build a charging device for electric vehicles on a large scale.

6, parallel type hybrid power:

This kind of power system is more common in the new energy power models, many car brands have already put such models on the market. Such power will be equipped with both a gas/diesel engine and an electric motor, either with the engine and the electric motor working simultaneously, or with the electric motor or the engine alone, and it also extends to other types, such as a plug-in type, and the dependence on the engine is greatly reduced. However, because the manufacturing cost is too high, the selling price of such models will be much higher than that of the ordinary models, and the mixed power of the diesel engines is not likely to be high.

Representative models: Toyota Prius Chinese familiar with the parallel hybrid model is Toyota's Prius, and this type of hybrid vehicle is also divided into strong and weak mixed, that is, the role of the motor, such as the Prius-like In weakly mixed models, the role of the electric motor is only to play an auxiliary role. In general, the role of the electric motor is to provide torque output during rapid acceleration, while the gasoline engine is more likely to start exerting force during high-speed cruising and when the motor power is not satisfactory, but in the idle condition. Next, only the electric motor is working, so when the traffic is jammed, the Prius will have the most advantage in fuel consumption compared to other models.

7, extension program hybrid power:

This kind of power system is similar to the parallel-type hybrid system on the top. It also has an engine and an electric motor at the same time, but the relationship between them becomes a serial form, that is, the main power supplier for the vehicle is the electric motor, and the engine As a motor or battery charging tool, this means that such a power system will have better cruising range and lower pollutant emissions, but its manufacturing costs are also high, and because the engine is in a state of stagnation. There is no internal oil pressure to protect the parts, so the durability of the engine will also be a very harsh test.

Representative model: Jaguar C-X75

The Jaguar C-X75 is a concept car, but its concept of extended range hybrid power is very unique. Its engine system is not the same as the four-stroke engine used in traditional cars, but uses two similar to the aircraft used The engine gas turbine, which is powered by the gas turbine, drives the generator to continuously output a stable electric energy for each of the four motors on each wheel, so as to achieve better power usage and energy distribution, perhaps when an automotive engineer can solve the gas turbine. With high manufacturing costs, then the tachometer on your car will not point to several thousand revolutions in the future, knowing that the C-X75's normal operating speed has reached 80000-90000 rpm.

The author concludes:

It should be said that this article is just an overview of the new energy power, but it is undeniable that the new energy power will become the most basic power system for future civilian vehicles. In the future, this site will provide more detailed introduction to new energy power and models. Please stay tuned.