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The president of the China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Association Li Yongwu pointed out at the forum that due to the implementation of the “three rural issues†policy implemented by the country and the implementation of “new rural constructionâ€, farmers’ income will usher in the third period of growth after the founding of the People’s Republic of China. Will promote the investment in pesticide production. At the same time, as the population grows and the area of ​​arable land decreases, increasing grain production increasingly depends on increasing investment in agriculture. It is estimated that in 2007 China's summer grain output increased by 6%, of which 30% came from the contribution of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. However, compared with developed countries, China’s per unit area of ​​arable land consumption is only 1/4 of that of the United States and 1/15 of that of France. There is great room for future development. The development of agriculture will inevitably lead to the simultaneous development of pesticide companies.
In 2007, the output of chemical pesticides in China (the original drug) reached 1.731 million tons, an increase of 24.3% over the previous year; the total industrial output value of the pesticide industry reached 95 billion yuan, an increase of 23.6% over the previous year; and the sales revenue was 91.9 billion yuan, an increase over the previous year. 25.1%. According to experts from the Environmental Engineering Assessment Center of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, China, as the world's leading pesticide producer, has expanded its export scale year by year, and markets have spread over more than 160 countries and regions worldwide. According to customs statistics, in 2007 China imported 518,000 tons of pesticides worth 1.58 billion US dollars. Among them, 477,000 tons were exported and 41,000 tons were imported. The cumulative net export volume for the year reached 436,000 tons, an increase of 22.9% over the previous year and a net increase of 81,000 tons. From the perspective of export varieties, China's pesticide exports are dominated by herbicides. In 2007, the total amount of herbicide exports reached 261,000 tons, an increase of 17.0% over the previous year; and the import of herbicides was 18,000 tons, a decrease of 14.3% over the previous year. In addition, 139,000 tons of pesticides were exported, and 13,000 tons of fungicides were imported, the ratio of which was very different.
Although the export situation is gratifying, China's export pesticides generally have the problems of low technological content, low transaction prices, and high “three lows and high costs†of “three wastesâ€. It is understood that China's average export price of pesticides is less than 3,000 US dollars / ton, only half the average price of imported pesticides, which is only equivalent to the cost of raw materials and far below the total cost. For example, the export price of glyphosate is only 29,000 to 32,000 yuan/ton, and the environmental protection cost is about 4 million. It is not enough to handle the cost of "three wastes" and the export price is seriously distorted.
At the same time, China's current export products are mainly based on the original drugs, accounting for about 80% of total exports, the amount of preparation is very small; while imports are mainly based on preparations. Domestic experts have pointed out with concern that most of China's export of pesticides are all varieties that developed countries do not produce because of environmental reasons or because they cannot afford price competition with Chinese companies. It can be said that they are "excellent exports and waste for their own use." Such as 95% glyphosate exports, including a large number of "three wastes" of 10% glyphosate domestic use; avermectin original powder exports, containing a large number of "three wastes" of 0.2% to 5% avermectin EC domestic use.
In recent years, under the impetus of the scientific development concept and the control of the national environmental protection policy, although a large number of small pesticide plants with serious pollution and low technical level have been shut down and eliminated by the market, they have invested in R&D and “three wastes†treatment. It has also increased year by year, but if the current size of China's pesticide companies is generally small, scattered layout, lack of funds, backward environmental protection facilities, and lack of independent innovation capabilities, it will certainly restrict the development of pesticide companies.
For this reason, experts advise that many small and medium-sized pesticide companies in China currently lack effective treatment technologies for wastewater containing large quantities of salts and difficult-to-biodegradable organics, and chemical and effluent chemical companies that produce organic phosphorus pesticides and amide herbicides. Oxygen content (COD) cannot meet the comprehensive emission standards; the majority of pesticide companies do not have devices for removing phosphates, resulting in emission concentrations exceeding the standard; most SMEs do not have "three wastes" treatment facilities, or measures are unreasonable, or devices do not work Etc., as well as insufficient attention to ecological impacts and ecological environmental risks. In addition, factors such as a wide range of regional supervision differences have caused urgent problems to be solved in the energy conservation and emission reduction work of the pesticide industry, which must be highly valued by governments at all levels.
Pesticide development requires environmental protection costs
At present, China has become the world's largest producer of pesticides. Since 2000, pesticide sales in China have maintained an average annual growth rate of 19%. Although China's pesticide industry has shown a good momentum of production and sales, at the second China International Forum on Pesticide Development recently held, relevant experts bluntly stated that high environmental costs, low technological content, and heavy emission reduction tasks still plague China. The development of the pesticide industry must arouse the attention of relevant parties.