An Interpretation of the Work Situation of Electric Vehicles in China

An Interpretation of the Work Situation of Electric Vehicles in China

The standardization work of electric vehicles has important support and leading role in the development of the entire industry, and it is also a hot spot at home and abroad. The reporter interviewed Zhang Xiangmu, director of the Department of Equipment Industry of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and chairman of the National Automotive Standardization Technical Committee on the standardization of electric vehicles.

1. What is the status of China's electric vehicle standard system and what is its significance for the development of new energy vehicles?

Electric vehicles are undergoing a crucial transition period from R&D to pilot demonstration to large-scale promotion. The entire process has developed rapidly. The national level has also continuously improved related policies and management systems to accelerate the promotion and application of electric vehicles. These all require technical standards as support. Since the establishment of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology in 2008, we have worked with the National Standardization Committee, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Energy Administration and other ministries and commissions to study and formulate a series of electric vehicle standard system planning documents, such as the “Electric Vehicle Comprehensive Standardization System” and “Electric Vehicles”. The work plan for the construction of the charging technology and facilities standards system and the "Standardization for the Development of Strategic Emerging Industries Standards" have improved the top-level design of the standard system. Under the guidance of the top-level design, we have accelerated the development of standards in accordance with the steps and priorities. At present, China has officially issued 75 standards for electric vehicles, covering the key components of electric vehicles, general vehicles, electronic control of battery motors, and infrastructure. Various areas such as charging interfaces and communication protocols have defined the classification and definition of electric vehicles, test methods and technical requirements for dynamic economic safety, defined the technical conditions of key components such as battery motors, and standardized charging infrastructure construction. Unified charging interface and communication protocol between vehicles and facilities. It can be said that China's electric vehicle standard system has been initially established and is of great significance in regulating the development of China's electric vehicle industry.

2. After the introduction of the standard, what specific support for the industry management of new energy vehicles has played?

First of all, the "New Energy Vehicle Manufacturers and Product Access Management Rules" quoted 22 items of electric vehicles, such as vehicles, batteries, and motors, as the technical support and basis for the entry management of new energy vehicles. Secondly, the standard of electric vehicles, especially the standards of test methods, has unified the test benchmarks in the list of new energy vehicle models recommended, state subsidy policies, 863 issues, and the initiation and acceptance of innovative projects. In addition, in the new energy vehicle tax concessions, vehicle purchase tax exemption policy, but also directly use electric vehicle standards as the basis for auditing products to meet the requirements of incentives. In supporting the government's management of new energy vehicles, standards have played an important role.

3. What is the status of China's electric vehicle standards in the world?

Compared with foreign countries, China's electric car standards are basically at the forefront of the international community and have a strong voice. Some foreign standards, we have, and some standards we require stricter, more detailed, more complete. For example, in the field of batteries, foreign countries only specify the safety protection functions of the battery system, and there are no safety requirements for the battery cells and modules. Most of the companies and experts in China regard safe battery cells and modules as a battery system that constitutes a safe and final guarantee. The basis of vehicle safety, therefore, China's safety standard system, from the battery cell, battery module, battery system and other levels have put forward scientific and reasonable, but also more stringent safety requirements.

At the entire vehicle level, simulations of frequent car washes, heavy rain, road water accumulation, etc., and the requirements for waterproofing of entire vehicles were put forward to simulate the above-mentioned situation, and to inspect whether there were potential safety hazards such as leakage of electricity in the vehicle and ensure the safety of users.

In terms of vehicle performance indicators, China has put forward more detailed requirements than Europe and the United States. For example, our pure electric passenger car has put forward requirements that the maximum speed is not less than 80km/h and the driving range is not less than 80km. It is important to ensure the energy-saving and emission-reduction effects of electric vehicles and increase consumer acceptance of electric vehicles.

In addition, China has more than 30 standards in the field of electric vehicle battery specifications, high-voltage component voltage levels, switching stations, battery management systems, drive motors, etc., which are groundbreaking in the world. After the formulation of these standards in China, it caused The attention of the global automotive industry has started the establishment and formulation of relevant international standards.

4. Most consumers may already know the charging interface standard for electric vehicles. In addition, there should be many other important standards. Can you briefly introduce it?

The charging interface for electric vehicles is indeed very important. Industry, industry experts, and the media have all paid great attention. Actually, apart from that, the safety standards of electric vehicles and their parts and components, such as protection against electric shock, and safety after collisions, are very important. Requirements, etc., Performance standards for vehicles, such as minimum driving range, energy consumption, acceleration performance, and emission standards for plug-in hybrid vehicles, are also very important.

For example, GB/T 18384 “Safety Requirements for Electric Vehicles” series of standards stipulates the electrical safety requirements for electric vehicles, including on-board energy storage devices, functional safety and fault protection, and personnel protection against electric shock; GB/T 28382 “Pure Electric Passenger Car Technical Conditions The key performance indicators such as driving range and maximum speed of electric vehicles are stipulated. The “Safety Requirements for Electric Vehicles After a Collision”, which is being submitted for approval, specifies the safety requirements that the vehicle and battery need to meet after a collision accident with an electric vehicle to ensure that personnel cannot be exposed to electric shock and can safely escape.

5. What are the main follow-up work for the standardization of electric vehicles in China?

Compared with traditional automobiles, the global data accumulation in R&D, demonstration, and promotion of electric vehicles is still relatively lacking. Under this circumstance, the main strategy adopted by China's standardization of electric vehicles is to solve them first and then gradually improve them. “To solve the problem first” is based on the results of the previous research. It is based on the engineering experience and existing standards of related industries, such as domestic and foreign traditional automobiles, power electricians, etc., to establish a standard electric vehicle system as soon as possible; After the release of the implementation, the industry timely researched and summarized new issues found during the implementation of the standard, and timely revised and improved the standard.

At present, there are 77 standards for electric vehicles that are currently under revision in China, of which 16 are currently revised, and 61 new standards for infrastructure planning and design, construction and operation, and battery recycling are established. Of these standards, 23 have been completed and submitted for approval. They will be approved for release soon. In addition, we will accelerate the research and development of basic standards such as typical conditions for electric vehicles, speed up the training of standardized personnel, guide the industry to strengthen the accumulation of basic data, and further increase the intensity and effectiveness of participation in the formulation of international standards.

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