1 wireless sensor network The so-called wireless sensor network is a real-time sensing and monitoring of various environment or target object information by means of deployment in the monitoring area, intelligent processing of information through embedded systems, and multi-hop relay mode through random self-organizing wireless communication networks. The perceived information is transmitted to the user terminal. The wireless sensor network can work in the unattended state for a long time, and has important scientific research value, great practical value and broad market prospect in all fields of the national economy. The system can fundamentally solve the uncertainty of network and communication in complex environments, ensure the real-time monitoring of the compressor, and integrate the sensors, data acquisition and communication parts to ensure the security of the communication hardware. . Regardless of the input cost, maintenance cost, construction difficulty and construction period, the system has great advantages. 2 overall architecture design The entire system consists of sensor nodes, base stations, LAN servers, database servers, communication servers, Web servers, and client software. The system structure framework is as shown. The data collected by wireless sensors can be divided into real-time data and warehousing (writing database) data according to different purposes. The database data records the running data of the equipment in each period in detail, and uses different tables to store data of different types and different uses, including fault data and short-term running data after maintenance, for monitoring users and remote users to call. The LAN monitoring user can use the real-time data and the inbound data at the same time to complete the monitoring and preliminary diagnosis tasks; the remote user can access the database data, obtain the data and fault data of the storage in each period, and further analyze and diagnose. For faults that are difficult to identify, expert consultation can be conducted through the system, and group decision-making methods are used to improve the accuracy of recognition. 3 hardware design The data detected by the sensor node is transmitted to the base station through the wireless multi-hop ad hoc network or transmitted to the base station through the relay Mote. The base station transmits the data to the upper processing device, and the user can monitor it through the system application software. 3. 1 sensor node Each sensor node contains one or more sensor elements, a mate and a battery pack. The sensor mainly detects the vibration, noise, temperature, pressure and switching data of the compressor, and the M ote is responsible for processing the data and transmitting it to the base station through the mesh network. The sensor and the M ote are connected by a data line. The sensor is mounted on the compressor and the Mote is installed near the compressor. Each compressor constitutes one such node. If there are multiple compressors in the enterprise, there are multiple nodes, and the distance between each node is about 100 to 400 meters. If the distance is too long, the relay M can be added. Ote. 3. 2 relay M ote The hardware structure of the relay M ote is exactly the same as that of the M ote. The relay M ote transmits data from the node to the base station through the mesh network. When a VoIP fails, other related otes are automatically rerouted. After the troubleshooting of this Mote, it will rejoin the mesh network and continue to work. 3. 3 base stations The base station is composed of a gateway and a mate. The gateway acts as a bridge to connect wireless sensor networks to other systems. The main function of the base station is to collect data collected by the wireless sensor network and transmit it to upper processing devices such as computers, mobile phones or other communication platforms. In addition, the gateway is also the main tool for implementing wireless over-the-air programming (O ver The A ir Programm ing). Software upgrades and updates to the entire mesh network node can be efficiently implemented through over-the-air programming. 4 software design 4. 1 enterprise local monitoring software Compressors are developed using the company's local monitoring software using Mote V iew. The data of all nodes in the wireless network is stored in the PostreSQL database through the base station. M oteV iew can read and display these data from the database, and can also display the data received by the base station in real time. Through the software case, the technicians of the compressor use enterprise can keep abreast of the health of the compressor, and can quickly sort out, search or consult the data information of each node, and also provide alarms by SMS and email according to the settings. information. 4. 2 data communication transmission software The data communication transmission software is responsible for transmitting the compressor working information to the remote monitoring center in real time. In order to ensure the real-time data transmission and the characteristics of the system itself, the UDP protocol is adopted. The format of the communication protocol is: - - - Each of the above parts is one byte long, the instruction header: 0x7e; instruction length: length from data 1 to data N; enterprise number: 0 255; machine number: 0 255; enterprise number + machine number: 0 255; instruction; instruction inverse code; XOR check: starting from the instruction length XOR to data N, XOR or 0x33; and check: from the length of the instruction to the sum of data N, and then 0x33. Communication software is developed by C / S structure, divided into client and central server, service The end software is installed on a server with a fixed IP address. The client packs and sends the real-time data according to the corresponding communication protocol, and the server unpacks the received data according to the communication protocol and stores it in the database. 4. 3 remote monitoring center The remote monitoring center is located in the compressor manufacturing enterprise, and the monitoring center server applies for the configuration of the dedicated line and a fixed IP address on the Internet. Install the relevant monitoring system software on the monitoring center server. The server of the monitoring system includes four parts: a communication server, an application server, a database server, and a W EB server. Realize industry data communication protocol, data proxy forwarding, communication equipment status monitoring and other functions; data analysis, storage, anti-control and other functions; data storage, backup functions and real-time monitoring, data management, business management and other functions. In specific implementation, the communication server, the application server, the database server, and the W EB server may be installed in one server or may be installed in different servers. If the industry customer requires terminal IP binding to the terminal, you need to install the RAD IU S server to provide AAA authentication and IP binding for the system. 5 monitoring center information management system The remote fault diagnosis center system is the core of the compressor remote fault diagnosis system. It usually includes a knowledge base, database, inference engine and management interface. The fault information acquired by the data acquisition system is connected to the Internet. To further analyze and locate the fault, the data processing module first processes and analyzes various performance and indicators related to fault diagnosis such as: intake pressure, intake air temperature, and coolant temperature. And traffic, etc. By storing these data in a large database (SQL Server), the expert system can give the cause of the fault and the specific fault location according to a certain reasoning strategy. The fault diagnosis center is the core part of the network service platform. In addition to rich fault diagnosis resources, such as fault numbers, various sensor standard waveforms, fault waveforms, etc., it must also have comprehensive analysis, calculation, reasoning, and discriminant functions. It also has functions such as remote teaching, technical communication, and information inquiry. 6 application cases The design is at a compressor company! Compressor remote monitoring and fault diagnosis system? In the implementation, the central system uses Windows Vista operating system, SQL Server database and Apache server, and the data collection terminal adopts Kersbo products wireless sensor network products. Data communication uses the UDP protocol. According to the monitored data volume and real-time requirements, and taking into account the network usage costs, the site transmits data to the monitoring center every 3 minutes. 7 Conclusion The remote monitoring and fault system of the compressor based on the sensor network greatly improves the efficiency of the manager's maintenance of the compressor. The combination of wireless sensing technology, Internet technology and fault diagnosis technology to develop remote online monitoring and fault diagnosis system is the development of modern equipment fault diagnosis and predictive maintenance, which not only greatly improves the practicability and utilization of online monitoring systems. It combines the knowledge of remote experts with on-site monitoring to improve the efficiency and accuracy of fault diagnosis.
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