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Disc brakes, with its stable braking performance, good wading recovery performance, excellent high-speed braking performance, are widely favored by foreign commercial vehicle manufacturers and users. However, in the field of domestic commercial vehicles, especially heavy trucks, there is little news of mass loading of disc brakes.
When will the age of heavy-duty disc brakes replace drum brakes come to the fore? Worthy of attention.
The benefits of disc brakes are many Most heavy truck manufacturers try disc brakes
Compared with buses that used disc brakes earlier, the majority of domestic heavy trucks still use full drum brakes. Disc brake systems have just emerged. It is understood that most domestic heavy-duty truck manufacturers, including Dongfeng Commercial Vehicles, FAW Jiefang, China National Heavy Duty Truck Group and Shaanxi Automobile, have already tried disc brakes. Heavy-duty trucks have also adopted disc brakes as their recommended configuration since 2010. On the promotion.
Disc brakes produced by CNHTC have been initially recognized by the market for their braking stability, resistance to thermal decay and quality stability. CNHTC will use the front disc brake as the standard for its heavy truck products. According to reports, compared with drum brakes, disc brakes have good thermal stability, wading performance (Note 1) and high-speed braking effect, and are much higher in brake effect than drum brakes. In addition, the service life of the disc brake is twice that of the drum brake, the maintenance cost is low, and the maintenance efficiency is high. It takes only half an hour to change one disc brake, and three for a drum brake. About half an hour. Because the disc brake has more advantages, the industry is very encouraged to use it instead of drum brakes. In fact, as early as three years ago, Howo A7 was listed, heavy truck has already begun to partially carry disc brakes.
In addition to CNHTC, the products of FAW Jiefang and Dongfeng Commercial Vehicles can also be equipped with disc brakes according to customers' needs. According to Dongfeng Commercial Vehicle Technology Center, disc brakes are the trend for heavy-duty brake systems. At present, Dongfeng is solving the matching problem between disc brakes and vehicles to ensure the stability of disc brakes. The disc brakes are being tested at the chassis of the Fuman Auman Technology Center and are mainly used on road transport vehicles. The trial models are Auman 3 Series and Auman 6 Series tractors and flatbed vehicles. Currently, 100 units have been tested and users have responded well. The acceptance of disc brakes is also relatively good.
At present, FAW Jiefang trucks loaded with disc brakes mainly consist of trucks and tractors. According to the user groups in the market, the users who choose disc brakes mainly favor lightweight users, such as tankers and postal customers. . As the transport industry now adopts a policy of weight-based charging, disc brakes are beneficial to lightening the body's weight. Only the front axle is 70 kg lighter than drum brakes, and is generally about 200 kg lighter. So disc brakes became the first choice for some group users. However, in addition to group users, individual users rarely have disc brakes.
Shaanxi Automobile heavy-duty truck brake systems are all standard drum brake systems, but the disc brake system can be installed according to the needs of users. Although the effect of the disc brake system is better than that of the drum brake system, the current domestic disc technology is not very mature and will increase the cost of the car. Shaanxi Auto believes that disc brakes will perform better on light commercial vehicles. In addition, Juri United trucks will use full-disc brakes on high-end heavy trucks, and front-rear drum brakes on mid-to-high-end heavy trucks.
The market is difficult to start The development of disc brakes faces three major roadblocks
The survey learned that although mainstream heavy truck manufacturers have their own technical reserves, few users buy it. What are the roadblocks hindering the development of disc brakes?
First, high prices affect the user's choice of disc brakes. According to the introduction of the FAW Liberation Market Department, disc brakes are more expensive. The price factor is an important reference for heavy truck users to buy a car. For example, the most common three-axle vehicle is an ordinary disc brake that is 4-5 more expensive than a drum brake. Thousand yuan, while the 19.5-inch disk and 20.5-inch disk price is not the same. If Auman's tractors are loaded with disc brakes, they will be 3,000 more expensive than drum brakes.
Second, overloaded disc brakes were promoted. Although the brake effect of the disc brake is much better than that of the drum type, the disc brake system has strict requirements on the use environment. If the brake is not maintained in time or the use environment is not up to standard, it is easily damaged. In the case of overload, because the brakes require a large amount of braking force, the wear of the disc brake pads is very large. If the brake pads are seriously overloaded, the disc brake pads may even be broken. Although the popularity of disc brake systems in foreign countries is good, it is limited to road vehicles. Construction vehicles still use a full drum brake system because construction trucks are usually very heavy.
Finally, it will take a long time for parts and services to keep up. Although the maintenance cost is low, many domestic parts and components manufacturers are also developing and manufacturing disc brakes. However, disc brakes in our country started relatively late. Most of the heavy truck service stations are equipped with drum brake accessories. There are almost no maintenance stations to reserve spare parts for disc brakes. . Therefore, users who run long-distance transportation will not actively use disc brakes.
In 1992, European and American countries used disk brakes to replace drum brakes on heavy trucks. In 1998, they began to ship batches of disk brakes. In China in 2000, some experts also called for the use of disc brakes instead of drum brakes on heavy-duty vehicles. However, there have been thunderous and heavy rains that can break through from three aspects:
First, the promotion of manufacturers should be increased. The emergence and spread of a new thing requires the efforts of many industry professionals. According to reports, heavy trucks weighing more than 10 tons at the time must use ABS. This is a consensus reached by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and most of the heavy truck companies are involved. At the same time, because many users are unwilling to use disc brakes because of inconvenient maintenance, manufacturers must plan ahead in terms of after-sales service and spare parts strategy.
Second, the state has increased its management of overload. Regarding the issue of whether disc brakes can be popularized, disc brakes may be used for small batches of heavy-duty trucks during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, but it is hard to say if it is truly popular. More experts pointed out that if the national standard 7258 has no new requirements for overloading, and overloading has not been promptly managed, disc brakes will be difficult to popularize.
Third, improve user awareness. Although many heavy-duty truck users have learned about disc brakes, most people still choose to overload the company in terms of overloaded profitability and safety, resulting in low acceptance of disc brakes.