[Chemical composition] usually contains a similar substance such as Fe, Mn, In, Tl, Ag, Ga, or Ge. Among them, Fe is very common in place of Zn, and the replacement amount is up to 26.2%. Sphalerite generally formed under high temperature conditions, which component is Fe and Mn content increases, becoming dark color. [crystal structure] equiaxed crystal system; Figure L-3 Crystal structure of sphalerite (quoted from Pan Zhaoyu et al., 1993) [Form] It is usually a granular aggregate (Fig. L-4), and sometimes it is a kidney-like or grape-like shape, reflecting the characteristics of the cause of the colloid. Single crystals are often tetrahedral (Fig. L-5), and polymorphs are common on the normal and negative crystal faces. Sometimes it is a rhombohedral dodecahedron (usually formed at low temperatures). Occasionally, {111} is used as the joint surface to form twin crystals, and the twin crystal axes are parallel [111], sometimes forming a polycrystalline twin crystal. The morphology of sphalerite has a standard meaning: in general, the sphalerite formed under high temperature conditions is mainly positive and negative tetrahedron, and sees a cube, and the rhombohedron is mainly composed at low and medium temperatures. Figure L-4 Granular sphalerite aggregate Figure L-5 Sphalerite crystal (polygonal pattern with positive and negative tetrahedron) (quoted from Pan Zhaoyu et al., 1993) Tetrahedron: o{111} or {11 [Physical properties] The content of Fe directly affects the color, streaks, gloss and transparency of sphalerite. When the Fe amount increases, the color of light yellow, brown until black (iron sphalerite); from white to brown streaks; shiny metallic luster of a resin to a semi-gloss gold; transparent to translucent. Cleavage parallel {110} is complete. Hardness 3.5 to 4. The relative density is 3.9 to 4.1, which decreases as the amount of Fe increases. Not conductive. [genesis and occurrence] Sphalerite is the most widely distributed zinc mineral. It is commonly found in various high and medium temperature hydrothermal deposits, and is also often found in contact metasomaties. In the high-temperature hydrothermal deposits, sphalerite composition often rich in Fe, In, Se, and Sn, symbiotic with mineral arsenopyrite, pyrrhotite, brass ore; Cd are contained in the low-temperature hydrothermal deposits, Ga , Ge, and Tl, and galena symbiotic often, sometimes appear various sulfur salts minerals, such as sulfur antimony lead. In addition, sphalerite has a surface depositional cause. Sphalerite forms secondary minerals such as Zn[CO 3 ] in the oxidized zone. [Identification characteristics] It is characterized by multiple sets of complete cleavage, granular crystal form, small hardness, diamond luster and close symbiosis with galena. [Main use] The most important zinc ore mineral raw material. A series of rare elements such as Cd, In, Ge, Ga, and Tl contained in the composition can be comprehensively utilized. A good single crystal of sphalerite can be used as an ultraviolet semiconductor laser material. Laser Metal And Non-Metal Cutting Machine Non-Metal Cutting Machine,Laser Metal Cutting Machine,Wood Laser Cutting Machine,Co2 Laser Cutting Machine Jinan Bodor CNC Machine Co., Ltd. , https://www.lasercuttings.nl
; a 0 = 0.540 nm (pure zinc blende), Z = 4. With zinc blende structure: S 2- is the most closely packed cubic, and Zn 2+ is filled in half of the tetrahedral void. If described by the characteristics of ion distribution in the unit cell, Zn 2+ is distributed at the top and the center of the unit cell. For example, if the unit cell is divided into 8 small cubes, then S 2 distributes 4 small cubes between the phases. Center (Figure L-3). The surface network {110} is the electrical neutralization plane of Zn 2+ and S 2- , therefore, the sphalerite has 6 sets of complete cleavage in parallel {110}. }; cube: a{100}; diamond dodecahedron: n{110}; hexagonal tetrahedron: z{75 }
Sphalerite (Sphalerite)
ZnS