Structure Improvement and Application of High Angle Well Pump

The Structure Improvement and Application of High Angle Well Well Suction Pumps LI Dajian 12, GAN Qingming 12, LIU Xian 3, HE Wei 12, WANG Bai 12 (1. Changqing Oilfield Company Oil & Gas Research Institute, Xi'an 710018;. Low permeability oil and gas field exploration and development country Engineering Laboratory, Xi'an 710018, China;3. Oilfield Development Division, Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi'an 710018, China) 1 The structure of the pump, namely: fixed valve adopts spring structure to achieve forced closing; the moving valve is designed with hemispherical valve - center link With the structure, the valve ball can be accurately reset; with a 3-stage sealed plunger, the seal is reliable; the structure of the centralizer is improved and the eccentric wear is reduced. The highly inclined oil well pump developed can be applied to directional wells with a well inclination of 090°, the pump efficiency is improved by about 7%, and the eccentric wear of the plunger and the tube rod is reduced.

1::012-06-12 In order to save land and reduce development costs, Changqing Oilfield mainly uses cluster wells to develop directional oil wells. At present, directional wells have accounted for 95% of the total wells, and the maximum number of wells in a single well site has reached 43 ports. With the development of the lower strata, the depth of wells increased, and the inclination angle of the wells at the pumping sites gradually increased. The conventional tubular pump has two problems when it is produced in the high-inclined section: 1 The rod is heavily worn; 2 The pump valve is closed and lags behind, the pump leakage is serious, and the pump efficiency is low.

In order to solve the problems existing in rod-pumped oil extraction systems for high-angle wells, domestically-relevant oilfields adopt different process technologies, mainly in two aspects: adopting rodless oil extraction methods for large-angle wells, such as electric submersible pumps and hydraulic injection. Pumps, hydraulic piston pumps, linear motors, gas lifts, etc.

These oil extraction methods completely solve the problems of eccentric wear of rods and leakage of pumping pumps in rod-pumped oil extraction in high-angle wells, but they are mainly used in 864/planted oil wells with high liquid yields, and the investment cost is high. Changqing Oilfield has a low production volume (average daily production volume of single well is 5.0m3/d), which is not suitable for the above rodless oil extraction system.

2) Improve the rod-pumped oil production system for high inclination wells, for example: supporting the use of sucker rod rotators, steel continuous sucker rods, rotating wellheads, and designing spring devices for conventional whole-tube pump (tube pump) fixed valves. , The use of bias valve type pump and so on. These process technologies did not fundamentally solve the technical flaws in the production of high-angled well pumping pumps.

This paper analyzes the structural problems of an ordinary whole-tube pump, improves the ball valve and valve seat structure, designs a new type of centralizer, and makes the rod-pumped oil extraction system successfully used in high-angled wells.

1 Problems with conventional tubular pump in high inclination section Ordinary cylinder pump uses traditional ball, valve seat, and first-stage sealing plunger structure, in the vertical well or inclined angle of inclination / (°) pump displacement Coefficient test curve (stroke 0.9m, stroke time 9min-1, clear water medium) 2 structural improvement According to the main problems of the conventional tubular pump in the production of high inclination section, the main ideas for the research and development of the high gradient well pump are presented: 1 Improve the structure of the plunger, improve the sealing and anti- off-grinding performance of the production in the high-angled section of the well, and reduce the loss of the plunger. 2 Improve the structure of the fixed valve and the traveling valve, realize the forced opening and closing, timely closure, accurate reset, eliminate the pump The disadvantage of losing too much due to the bias of the valve ball being offset and closed.

2.1 Fixed valve The fixed valve adopts a spring structure, for example, to realize the function of forced opening and closing and timely closing during production of a high-angled well section. The hydraulic loss to overcome the spring resistance is 1000kg/m3; S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the fixed valve seat hole, 0.000415m2 is the gravity acceleration, g=9. =2.51m, which is far less than the submergence of the pump, so the fixed valve can be normally opened. When closed, due to the spring force, it can be closed in time.

Spring fixed valve structure 2.2 Movable valve The moving valve adopts a semi-ball valve - center link structure, such as. According to the valve ball structure, the valve seat is designed as an anti-spherical valve seat, and the sealing unit is a body, for example. The hemispherical valve is fixed with the center rod of the pump plunger. During the pump up and down stroke, the hemispherical valve moves together with the center rod, the hemispherical valve seat moves relative to the plunger center rod, the upstroke hemispherical valve and the valve seat are closed, and the down stroke hemispherical valve, The valve seat is opened to realize the valve ball and the valve seat under the condition of large inclination, and the opening, closing and resetting are accurate.

Hemispherical Valves The movable seated hemispherical valves are based on the structure of a conventional pumping pump with a class 1 sealed plunger and propose a 3-stage sealed plunger structure (eg,). Between the sealing units, a diversion-guided straightening block is designed to ensure that the new plunger is always centered axially in the pump cylinder and is not affected by the inclination of the well, eliminating the occurrence of offset and eccentric wear of the plunger due to vertical axial force. The sealing units are independent of each other. During the up and down stroke, each unit is in a free state and has a mutual compensation function in the axial direction. The sealing performance between the plunger and the pump barrel is further enhanced.

2.4 Three-stage over-flow channel combined with valve ball, valve seat, pump plunger seal structure design, improved rear pump plunger diversion guide righting block, hemispherical valve and center rod fixed together, plunger seal unit and the oil cover is relatively fixed In the axial direction, the relative movement of the connecting rod along the center of the pump plunger; in the down stroke, the well fluid enters the pump cylinder through the pump fixing valve, and enters the plunger single-stage sealing unit and the center rod annulus along the diversion guide righting block and the half ball valve. Discharge from the oil cap, complete the over-flow of the well fluid along the plunger level, and in turn to complete the second and third levels of over-current, into the upper end of the pump plunger pump; up stroke, the plunger seal unit and the outlet relative center When the connecting rod moves downwards, the hemispherical valve and the valve seat are closed, and the well fluid in the pump cylinder is discharged into the oil tube (for example).

Pump plunger level over-current indicates the principle of the three large-angle well pump. Upward stroke of the up-stroke plunger moves upwards under the action of the center rod, and the fixed valve is opened under the action of the well fluid pressure to complete the liquid inlet process.

The down-stroke fixed valve closes, the plunger guide guides the centering block, and the half ball moves downwards with the center link, while the plunger seal unit, the anti-spheroidal seat, and the outflow cover move backward, and the semi-ball valve separates from the valve seat. The well fluid in the pump cylinder enters the pump plunger and center rod annulus through the flow guiding block and the hemispherical valve, and is discharged through the oil outlet hood, and is stepped upwards into the pump oil pipe to complete the liquid discharging process.

4 Guided centralizer structure The rod-pumped oil extraction system is used in highly deviated wells. Due to the large inclination angle of the well, the eccentricity of the pipe stem is serious. According to the characteristics of eccentrically worn eccentric pipe (mainly linear eccentric wear), a new type of guide centralizer (such as) was developed on the basis of the traditional centralizer structure. The main features are: the three arc surfaces of the centralizer are the same as the arc surface of the inner wall of the oil pipe, so as to ensure that the centralizer is in surface contact with the inner wall of the oil pipe under any circumstances, so that the partial wear caused by the linear contact is avoided.

At the same time, self-lubricant material is plated on the surface of the guide centralizer. When the centralizer surface is in contact with the arc surface of the inner wall of the oil pipe, a lubricant protective layer is formed between the contact surfaces to greatly reduce the friction between the contact surfaces and effectively reduce the friction. Partial wear between the contact surfaces plays a positive role in preventing misalignment of the pipe rod.

Photographs of guide centralizers are calculated by linking guide centralizers at the end of each of the rods below the whipstocking point, and supporting the straightening sucker rods in wells with large changes in the curvature of the borehole (>25730 m) (Nylon injection molding Block sucker rods, with 3 straightening rods per sucker rod). Righting effect is good.

5 Field test High-angle well pump adopts "multi-stage seal, hemispherical valve, floating valve seat, plunger straightening, strong open and close structure" design. When the pump is working, it is basically not limited by the well angle, and it is suitable for oil well wells. The bevel angle of 090° can be used for production in directional wells, high inclination wells, and horizontal wells (horizontal wells). At this time, the optimum design of the pipe rods should be performed.

After passing the indoor performance test, in 2011-2012, the field test of a large-angled well pump was completed. The total number of wells produced was 10, and the production was normal. The maximum inclination angle of the pump was 80°, and the pump efficiency increased by an average of 6.8%. The data are shown in Table 1. Table 1 High slope well pump Pump field test data Plunge pumping depth/m well angle/water production/(m3 water/% pump efficiency/% 6 Conclusion Traditional tubular pump suitable for wells Developed a large angled well pump to improve the fixed valve structure, the structure of the moving valve, the plunger seal structure and the guiding and righting structure, and it is suitable for the oil well with a well inclination angle of 090°. Stronger, improved pump efficiency.

According to the field test situation, the research and development of high-angle well pump is successful, but for the low-yield oil well, the pump efficiency is low, and it is necessary to analyze the causes and formulate countermeasures.

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