·Beijing accelerates the elimination of old cars and studies traffic congestion charges

On January 1, 2016, Beijing will take restrictions on 400,000 vehicles with a national I emission standard and ban the six rings throughout the day. Yesterday, the exchange seminar on measures and measures for the prevention and control of motor vehicle emissions in Beijing was held at the Municipal Vehicle Emission Management Center. Li Kunsheng, director of the Motor Vehicle Emissions Management Office of the Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau, revealed at the meeting that Beijing will continue to accelerate the old cars in the future. Eliminate and gradually expand the scope of high-emission vehicles. According to reports, the next step, a larger number of National II vehicles are also likely to take corresponding restrictions after 2016.
The release of vehicle II is limited to the implementation of motor vehicles. Vehicle emissions are one of the main sources of PM2.5 in Beijing, and among them, old vehicles with high emissions and high pollution account for more than half of the total. According to the analysis, according to the emission standards, the emission of nitrogen oxides from vehicles with national III and below emissions accounts for 90% of motor vehicle emissions.
Yesterday, Li Kunsheng, director of the Motor Vehicle Division of the Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau, revealed at the meeting that Beijing will speed up the elimination of old vehicles and gradually expand the scope of high-emission vehicles.
Li Kunsheng said that by drawing on the experience of Beijing Yellow Label Vehicles, by adopting economic encouragement and regional restrictions, according to the principle of final elimination, Beijing will gradually limit the use of vehicles of National I and China II emission standards, and promote old age. Motor vehicles are phased out and updated to optimize the vehicle inventory structure. Since January 1 next year, the city's yellow standard car and the national I standard petrol car (including the modified vehicle) are prohibited from entering the road within the Sixth Ring Road (including) throughout the day (the National II standard vehicle is restricted to operate).
It is understood that there are currently about 400,000 national I standard vehicles and more than 500,000 national II standard vehicles in Beijing. It is understood that, in the next step, it is very likely that a larger number of National II vehicles will adopt corresponding restrictions after 2016. Experts say that stricter restrictions will accelerate the elimination of these old cars. According to the calculation of the environmental protection department, if the nearly one million old vehicles are all replaced with the latest national V standard vehicles, the emission reduction effect will reach the emission reduction effect of the motor vehicle single and double number limit during the APEC meeting.
Studying traffic congestion charging and other policies The number of new passenger cars added each year has been reduced from 240,000 to 150,000, and research and development measures for trucks and large and medium-sized passenger vehicles have been formulated. Li Kunsheng said that by the end of 2017, it is necessary to strive to control the number of motor vehicles in the city within 6 million vehicles. Strictly comply with new vehicle emission standards and oil standards, and strive to implement the sixth phase of motor vehicle emissions and vehicle fuel standards in 2016. Formulate policies to encourage individuals to purchase and use new energy vehicles. By the end of 2017, we will strive to achieve 200,000 new energy and clean energy vehicle applications. At the same time, the city studies the traffic congestion charging policy, sets the charging standards hierarchically, analyzes the policy implementation and the effect of emission reduction, and implements dynamic adjustment.
According to the influence of land use characteristics, traffic and parking conditions in different regions, further study and improve the differentiated parking management policy. Appropriately expand the regional scope, strengthen the static management of motor vehicles, and guide the reduction of vehicle use intensity in the central city.
Li Kunsheng also revealed that Beijing will coordinate relevant departments to speed up the construction of the Beijing Outer Ring Road, and at the same time study the adjustment of the structure of Beijing's cargo transportation and reduce the transit of heavy goods vehicles.
In the area of ​​joint prevention and control, the “Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and Peripheral Vehicle Emission Control Work Coordination Group Office” will be established to improve the law enforcement and coordination mechanism, and gradually realize the sharing of resources such as supervision, environment, scientific research and vehicle information, and focus on solving the problem of foreign vehicles. Punish the problem and increase the deterrent effect on vehicles with excessive emissions.
In addition, the Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau will cooperate with the Municipal Development and Reform Commission and the Municipal Finance Bureau to study the fuel emission tax and fee policy plan and coordinate the relevant state departments to promote the fuel emission tax and fee policy.
>>Links and Emission Standards Since 1999, Beijing has released nearly 30 local standards for motor vehicle emissions, making it the country with the largest number of motor vehicle emission standards. These local standards are stricter than national standards or fill gaps in national standards. In 1999, 2002, 2005, 2008, and 2013, the company first implemented the new vehicle emission standards for China, China II, China III, China IV, and Beijing V. New vehicles that did not meet the emission standards were prohibited from being sold in Beijing.
In terms of improving the quality of oil products, Beijing implemented lead-free gasoline in 1997, implemented the second-stage oil standard in 2004, and implemented the third-stage oil standard in 2005. In 2007, buses took the lead in using 50ppm diesel. In 2008, the fourth stage oil standard (sulfur content 50ppm) was implemented, and in May 2012, the fifth stage oil standard (sulfur content 10ppm) was implemented.
It is understood that Beijing will strive to implement the sixth phase of motor vehicle emissions and vehicle fuel standards in 2016.
How much does it affect the environmental impact of motor vehicle emissions?
5.6 million motor vehicles are large emitters Li Kunsheng said that Beijing currently has more than 5.6 million motor vehicles and emits about 700,000 tons of pollutants annually. Among them, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds accounted for 86%, 56% and 32% of the total atmospheric emissions, respectively. Among the PM2.5 local sources, motor vehicles accounted for 31.1%, accounting for the largest proportion of PM2.5 local sources. The source of vehicle emissions has become a major source of environmental quality in the city.
Why do you start with the national I car? Implementing “last elimination” for old cars
Since 1999, Beijing has issued “yellow” or “green” environmental protection marks according to different vehicle emission standards. Among them, the yellow standard car refers to a gasoline car that does not meet the national I emission standard or a diesel vehicle that does not meet the national III emission standard. Because it is a yellow environmental protection mark, it is called a yellow standard car. The green environmental protection signs are divided into “green no stars”, “green one stars”, “green two stars”, “green Samsung” and “green four stars”, which respectively correspond to future transformation vehicles, national I, national II, national III, national IV emissions. standard. The higher the emission standard, the smaller the pollution.
At the end of 2014, Beijing took the lead in eliminating yellow-label vehicles and became the first city in the country to basically solve the pollution pollution of yellow-label vehicles. According to the principle of elimination at the end, the national I and the national II vehicles became the focus of Beijing's motor vehicle management after the yellow standard car.
How to eliminate old vehicles? Economic Encouragement and Regional Limitation In the process of eliminating the yellow label car, Beijing adopted a combination of economic encouragement and regional restrictions. On the one hand, gradually increase the scope of restrictions on yellow-label vehicles, and on the other hand, introduce economic incentive policies to encourage yellow-label car owners to eliminate and update vehicles. In 2009-2010, according to the eliminated models and years of use, the government subsidy for the owners (800-25,000 yuan) was granted. In the two years, 156,000 yellow-label vehicles were eliminated, achieving a daily reduction of 315 tons. Since then, the economic subsidies have been continuously upgraded. By the end of 2014, Beijing has taken the lead in basically eliminating yellow-label vehicles.
Li Kunsheng said that the elimination of the old vehicles of China I and China II will draw on the experience of eliminating yellow label vehicles, and by adopting economic encouragement and regional restrictions, on the one hand, gradually restrict the use of vehicles of national I and national II emission standards. On the other hand, through the economic incentive policy, the car owners are promoted to eliminate and update to optimize the vehicle inventory structure.
Li Kunsheng said that at present, due to the lack of environmental protection pre-examination on the vehicles of other provinces and cities, and the lack of environmental recall regulations in the country, some car companies deliberately fraudulently, and the national I and II standard diesel vehicles pretend to be the country III. , National IV standard vehicle sales.
In the national and local inspections, foreign provinces and cities were found to sell counterfeit country III and national IV heavy-duty diesel vehicles. In March 2014, the Ministry of Environmental Protection inspected the National III and National IV diesel vehicles of 16 companies in the markets around Beijing, such as Hebei and Tianjin. 68% of the diesel vehicles only met the national II or national I standards. According to the Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau, experts conducted a spot check on 135 heavy-duty diesel vehicles entering Beijing. More than 85% of the results were yellow-standard vehicles below the national standard II.
It is understood that heavy-duty diesel vehicles are mostly delivery vehicles to Beijing, and they are responsible for the transportation of materials needed for basic production and living in Beijing. Li Kunsheng said that although Beijing has issued notices on the prohibition of yellow-label vehicles and other vehicles, and conducted vehicle exhaust emission inspections at the Jingjing intersection, it is difficult to reduce the number of such vehicles in the short term.
In terms of punishment, according to the regulations, motor vehicles discharge excessively 300 yuan to 3,000 yuan in violation of the law; but personal vehicles exceed the standard does not apply simple enforcement procedures, need to record, file, administrative notice, punishment and order rectification notice, settlement and other documents, law enforcement The personnel need to go to the owner's residence 4 times, and the owner must also accept 2 investigations and 3 notifications. Therefore, illegal individuals in the field can not be enforced according to law enforcement procedures, and there is no corresponding regulation to restrict their acceptance of punishment, resulting in difficulties in penalizing individual vehicles.
Oil companies drag the "oil product standard improvement" hind legs The upgrade of oil standards is of great significance for motor vehicle emission reduction. Li Kunsheng said, but in China, the oil standard is set by the enterprise, and it will give priority to the interests of the company. The lag and backwardness of national vehicle oil standards have forced motor vehicle emission standards to be postponed several times.
Li Kunsheng said that after the revision of the Atmospheric Law, the environmental protection department should be supported to lead the development of vehicle oil standards with other departments.

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