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Water bodies are most vulnerable to pollution. Petroleum and chemical industry raw materials and products are characterized by flammability, explosiveness, poisoning, corrosion, and environmental susceptibility. They determine that they exist in secondary environmental disasters that are easily triggered after a destructive earthquake. With greater environmental risks, destructiveness and harm.
It is understood that Sichuan Province is a relatively concentrated area of ​​China's petroleum and chemical companies, with large enterprises such as Lutianhua, Sichuan Tianhua and Chuanhua Group. Shifang, Mianyang, Deyang, etc. in the earthquake-hit areas are also the rich areas of phosphorus resources in Sichuan Province, and are also the focus of China's phosphate and compound fertilizer companies. There are Sichuan Hongda Co., Ltd. and Sichuan Meifeng Agricultural Chemicals Co., Ltd. The company and companies such as Deyang Tianyuan Chemical Plant and Haofeng Company in Sichuan Province.
Professor Lu Yaoru of Tongji University pointed out that after the earthquake, the water body is most vulnerable to pollution. Because after the earthquake some hazardous chemicals may be leaked, these dangerous chemicals will flow into nearby waters, change the water quality, and cause water pollution.
Professor Zhang Lijing from the Institute of Safety Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, said that in the Sichuan region after the earthquake disaster, there was a situation of rainfall. Production companies involved in hazardous chemicals such as liquid chlorine and liquid ammonia are now highly vigilant. Due to the fluidity of the water body, it may expand the pollution surface and directly affect the earthquake relief.
The security of the enterprises in the disaster-affected area before the resumption of production Zhang Lijing believes that in this case, the chemical company must do 3 things: conduct a comprehensive inspection of the installation system to prevent the leakage of materials; strengthen the preparation and protection of emergency supplies; strengthen the monitoring of surface water quality And monitoring frequency to ensure safe drinking water in the disaster area.
Zhang Lijing said that chemical companies in the disaster-stricken areas and surrounding areas of the disaster-affected area should stop production or reduce production immediately after the earthquake. They must thoroughly inspect the existing equipment and equipment, including the degree of stability of the foundation, whether they can operate safely, and strengthen the on-site fire source. Management and control to prevent detonation. For the tank area, it should be ensured that the protective dike is in good condition and the damaged protective dike should be repaired in time. Once the chemical material leaks out, it is convenient for rapid processing; for pipelines that may be broken, inspections and monitoring should be strengthened if the pipeline is ruptured. It should be ensured that the material or product enters the accident pool or is effectively controlled.
In addition, due to the general power outage after the earthquake, the operation of the environmental protection facilities of chemical companies has also been greatly affected, and there may be problems such as failure to meet discharge standards or accidental discharge during the restoration of production processes. In this regard, Tian Yuyuan, a professor at the School of Chemical Engineering of Shandong University of Science and Technology, believes that companies should strengthen the monitoring of surface water quality near discharge outlets and water intakes. When the production is resumed, it should be matched with the production capacity of its environmental protection facilities. In principle, the amount of pollutants discharged from production recovery shall not exceed the capacity of its environmental protection facilities. The total amount of pollutants discharged by enterprises along the river along the river should not be Exceed normal treatment capacity in the recovery stage of the sewage treatment facilities to arrange production for the company to avoid serious environmental pollution incidents after major disasters. For those enterprises that are prone to produce pollution sources, they should first resume their own environmental protection facilities, and only after the environmental protection facilities are operating properly can they be fully restored.
There should be a sense of earthquake prevention Tian Yuyuan pointed out that to prevent secondary environmental disasters caused by earthquakes, we must have a sense of urgency, we must take preventive measures before we can establish a long-term mechanism to prevent environmental disasters. He believes that dangerous chemicals production companies should pay attention to the production plant's anti-vibration, strengthen the production equipment, and improve its anti-seismic performance. For example, earthquake protection of the infrastructure, slope treatment, and stability can all protect the surrounding water. Strengthen seismic safety evaluation and improve the earthquake-resistant grades of hazardous chemicals companies in earthquake-prone areas to prevent environmental disasters that may be caused by earthquake disasters.
Tian Yuyuan said that some large-scale petrochemical companies have now established an automatic chained parking system in emergency situations. Generally, they are not harmful after an earthquake. However, in some small and medium-sized chemical companies, especially fine chemical companies adopting high-risk technologies such as nitrification, fluorination, chlorination, diazotization, and hydrogenation, automatic control of temperature and pressure, establishment of emergency pressure relief devices, and emergency shutdown systems have been established. There are common problems. In the event of an emergency, it is easy to cause environmental hazards. Such enterprises need to improve the level of process safety and automatic control.
Dangerous chemicals management is itself a disaster prevention and disaster prevention
On May 12th, after the devastating earthquake in Wenchuan County, Sichuan Province, the prevention of secondary environmental disasters caused by earthquakes is becoming one of the main tasks of the next phase of earthquake relief work. In particular, how can hazardous chemicals effectively respond to leaks during earthquakes and minimize losses? How to prevent the occurrence of secondary environmental disasters after the earthquake caused by chemical products is a great challenge to the emergency response capability of the chemical industry to emergencies. In the past few days, the reporter interviewed relevant experts to analyze the environmental issues closely related to the chemical industry after the earthquake.